The incidence of sesamoid bones in the 1st, 2nd, and 5th metacarpophalangeal joints in a Mediterranean population was found to be similar to that of Arab and Caucasian populations, whereas their prevalence in the 1st interphalageal joint coincided more with Arab populations. The incidence in the 1st interphalangeal joints was 26.2% (n = 116). There was an incidence of 99.5% sesamoid bones (n = 440) in the 1st metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint, 42.3% in the 2nd MCP joint (n = 187), and 41.1% (n = 182) in the 5th MCP joint. Additionally, two independent observers reviewed 174 radiographs and used the Kappa parameter in order to assess the validity of radiographic interpretation of radiographs for the presence of those bones. A retrospective review of 442 radiographs of adult patients was performed in order to assess the incidence of sesamoid and accessory bones in the hands of a Mediterranean population. Studies on the validity of radiographic assessment for the presence of these bones are also lacking.
However, there are no published data on their distribution in Mediterranean populations. Physiotherapy or conservative management is typically the first line of treatment for atraumatic pathology of sesamoids.The prevalence and distribution of sesamoid and accessory bones in the hands is quite variable between different populations and ethnic groups. Management of the different pathologies varies depending on the diagnosis. Common pathology seen in sesamoid bones include: Pathology in sesamoids can be congenital or a result of trauma. The change in angle improves muscle force generation.Ĭlinical relevance Sesamoids protect tendons from excessive wear and act as a spacer to change the angle of tendons before the reach their attachment point.
In the hand at the head of the 1st metacarpal - 1 in the combined tendon of the flexor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis brevis, 1 in the tendon of the adductor pollicis.Hallux sesamoids - medial/tibia and lateral/fibular in the flexor hallucis brevis tendon at the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint.Patella - in the quadriceps tendon at the knee.Sesamoid bones in the human body include: Sesamoids ossify during puberty and delayed ossification can indicate delayed onset of puberty. Sesamoid bones are a type of bone that develops in some tendons where they cross the ends of long bones.
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